Module information
Module details
- Title
- Introduction to Biomaterials and Treatment Planning in Trauma
- Type
- Rotation
- Module code
- S-R-R3
- Credits
- 10
- Phase
- 1
- Requirement
- Compulsory
Aim of this module
This module will provide the trainee with an introduction to the principles and scope of Reconstructive Sciences in supporting patients who have experienced maxillofacial trauma. Trainees will appreciate the selection and application of biomaterials in the manufacture of medical devices for patients with fractures.
Work-based content
Training activities
| # | Learning outcome | Training activity | Type | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| # 1 | Learning outcome 1,2,3,6 |
Training activities
Attend a maxillofacial clinic that includes the management of acute trauma and reflect on the clinic |
Type OTA | Action View |
| # 2 | Learning outcome 1,2,3,6 |
Training activities
Shadow a Dental Core Trainee (DCT) in maxillofacial surgery during normal working hours, observe their day-to-day role in the department and in the management of emergency provision on-call (A&E), and reflect on their role |
Type OTA | Action View |
| # 3 | Learning outcome 1,3,5,6 |
Training activities
Review the materials used in the treatment of dental alveolar trauma in primary and secondary settings and reflect on the impact this has on practice |
Type OTA | Action View |
| # 4 | Learning outcome 1,2,3,6 |
Training activities
Follow the patient pathway for patients with fractures involving the mandible, maxilla and middle third of the facial skeleton through treatment plan, design, manufacture and evaluation of custom medical devices, and reflect on the journey |
Type OTA | Action View |
| # 5 | Learning outcome 1,3,4,6 |
Training activities
Explore the integration of digital imaging and digital technologies in the management of trauma, focusing on the manipulation of images and the use in the clinic and laboratory, and reflect on the impact this has on practice |
Type OTA | Action View |
| # 6 | Learning outcome 1,3,4,6 |
Training activities
Explore whole service provision for head and neck and major trauma service, and reflect on the impact this has on practice |
Type OTA | Action View |
| # 7 | Learning outcome 1,2,3,6 |
Training activities
Shadow a Reconstructive Scientist/Maxillofacial Prosthetist undertaking the management of acute trauma and reflect on their role |
Type OTA | Action View |
| # 8 | Learning outcome 1,2,3,6 |
Training activities
Shadow a Reconstructive Scientist/Maxillofacial Prosthetist involved in the management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disfunction reflect on their role |
Type OTA | Action View |
| # 9 | Learning outcome 1,2,3,6 |
Training activities
Observe the surgical open reduction of a mandible fracture and reflect on the process |
Type OTA | Action View |
| # 10 | Learning outcome 1,2,3,6 |
Training activities
Follow the patient pathway for custom medical device manufacture and the management of trauma at another Reconstructive Science/ Maxillofacial Unit and reflect on the journey |
Type OTA | Action View |
Assessments
Complete 1 Case-Based Discussion
Complete 1 DOPS or OCE
Direct Observation of Practical Skills Titles
- Apply an appropriate infection control procedure
- Reposition fracture segments for dental trauma
- Manufacture a simple device for TMJ disfunction
Observed Communication Event Titles
- Gather a patient history relevant to the specialty from a patient, patient representative, or member of the multidisciplinary healthcare team
- Present a patient history relevant to the specialty to a member of the multidisciplinary healthcare team
Learning outcomes
| # | Learning outcome |
|---|---|
| 1 | Explore the contribution of Reconstructive Sciences in managing of maxillofacial trauma to patient care. |
| 2 | Identify the roles and relationships of the multidisciplinary team in Reconstructive Sciences involved in the management of maxillofacial trauma. |
| 3 | Describe the working practices of Reconstructive Sciences in managing of maxillofacial trauma. |
| 4 | Examine the impact of innovation in Reconstructive Sciences on the management of maxillofacial trauma. |
| 5 | Review the effect of legislation in Reconstructive Sciences on the management of maxillofacial trauma. |
| 6 | Compare and contrast the practice of Reconstructive Sciences in the management of maxillofacial trauma with other specialties. |
Clinical experiences
Activities
There is no clinical experiential learning associated with this module.
Academic content (MSc in Clinical Science)
Important information
The academic parts of this module will be detailed and communicated to you by your university. Please contact them if you have questions regarding this module and its assessments. The module titles in your MSc may not be exactly identical to the work-based modules shown in the e-portfolio. Your modules will be aligned, however, to ensure that your academic and work-based learning are complimentary.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of this module the trainee will be able to:
- Identify the range of patients referred to a maxillofacial service and the care pathways and teams involved for trauma patients applying the local and national legislation, evaluating the underlying risk, legal and ethical requirements, and quality assurance applicable for trauma devices.
- Describe and apply knowledge of analogue and digital imaging techniques for normal/abnormal anatomy and physiology of the head due to trauma.
- Evaluate and synthesise the incidence, assessment, classification, management and treatment of facial and mandibular fractures.
- Understand and apply the principles of consent for treatment of child and adult patients and be able to explain the differences in paediatric and adult treatment using the national guidelines.
- Analyse and evaluate the design, explain material selection, from the initial impression to the manufacture and completion of custom-made devices for the treatment of maxillofacial trauma.
Indicative content
Care pathways in trauma:
- Examining a variety of patient demographics (e.g. road traffic accidents, battlefield trauma, industrial injuries, sports injuries, physical violence and falls)
- Introduction to multidisciplinary care
- Evidence based practice in Reconstructive Sciences
- Social and demographic factors affecting incidence of oral and facial injuries
Guidelines:
- MHRA (Custom made medical devices)
- Local and national legislation
- Leadership and structure of the NHS
- Basic principles of quality assurance including quality control, assurance, quality improvement and clinical governance
- Informed consent for both adult and paediatrics
Trauma, facial, periodontal injuries, and mandibular fractures:
- Anatomy of the head and neck
- Incidence aetiology of dental and periodontal injuries, and mandibular fractures
- X-ray appearance of normal tissue and dental mandibular fractures e.g. orthopantomograms. (OPG) or posteroanterior (PA)
- Facial fracture classification e.g. Le Fort
- Basic clinical assessment of patients
- Common sites of mandibular fractures
- Displacement of mandibular fractures
Planning and preparing for treatment:
- Indications and contraindications
- Adherence to health and safety of patient, public, staff and self
- Basic clinical assessment of patients
- Knowledge of local and national guidelines specific to procedure
- Types of splint that may be prescribed and manufactured
- Factors affecting material selection for splints and dental impressions
- Factors affecting properties of materials used for manufacturing splints during and after manufacture (corrosion, mechanical and allergy)
Techniques of facial reconstruction:
- Reconstruction of facial form after mandibular fractures
- Direct and indirect surgical techniques for reduction and fixation of maxillofacial fractures
- Surgical techniques for facial reconstruction following trauma
- Post-surgical trauma care
- Factors affecting healing of facial fractures
- Soft tissue forensic reconstruction techniques
- Scope of practice of medical artists, photographers and use of 3D imaging
Routine practical techniques:
- Manufacture of thermoformed dental splints and occlusal guards
- Manufacture of wrought base metal arch bars for dentate patients with mandibular fractures
- Manufacture of splints for edentulous patients with mandibular fractures
Infection control:
- Communicable diseases and microbiological hazards
- Sterilisation and disinfection methods
- Common methods for preventing cross infection
- Hand washing
- Single patient use items
- Disinfection of dental impressions and devices
- Clinical zoning
Normal and abnormal anatomy of the face and neck, to include:
- Craniofacial bones
- Facial muscles
- Facial/cranial nerves
- Mouth and tongue
- Physiology of the TMJ